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Race, Gender and Poverty
Soci 418-010-05F
Elizabeth Higginbotham
Tuesday and Thursday 3:30-4:45 in Smith Room 218
Office Hours: Tuesday and Thursday 2:00-3:00
Bethany Brown
Monday 1:00-3:00
Smith Hall, Room 316
This
is a senior seminar for Sociology, Criminal Justice, Black American Studies,
Women Studies, and other social science majors. Students need a background in the =
social
sciences to do the required course work. You will bring knowledge and skills
from other courses into this one, where you will do independent and group
work. Course assignments invo=
lve
written work and oral presentations.
Course Description
People
in the United State have witnessed increasing levels of inequality in the l=
ast
two decades of the 20th century. We
started the new century as a nation divided between those who have and those
who do not have. There is a g=
ap
between the rich and the poor and those in the middle find their lives
profoundly challenged. Increa=
singly
the nation's poor are women and children across races and men of color. This course will examine contempor=
ary
American poverty with an eye on race and gender as fundamental dimensions of
inequality. It explores how r=
ecent
labor market changes and national income distribution policies increase pov=
erty
and hardship. The course addresses societal responses to poverty and the na=
ture
of entitlement for different populations with attention to issues of gender=
and
race. Different types of soci=
al
science research pose questions about polices and practices, they provide
insights into how poor and working‑class people see the social system,
and how key decision makers view the poor. Group assignments will enable
students to learn about programs and explore areas of interests.
Course Objectives
In
addition to learning about the structural sources of poverty, this course w=
ill
give you experience writing in the field and using the sociological skills =
that
you have learned in other classes. Group and individual projects are opport=
unities
to use your research skills and to demonstrate your oral and written comman=
d of
social science material. The
learning is cumulative, as you expand your knowledge base you can better
address critical questions about poverty and social policy. There are different types of writi=
ng
required in the class to give you opportunities to develop writing skills a=
nd
explore themes. Doing sociology requires gathering data, as well as analyzi=
ng
and interpreting it. The fina=
l task
is to write up your findings and the analysis for different audiences.
Most
social scientists write for their colleagues in the field, but one can also
write for a broad audience of non‑social science colleagues. Sociolog=
ical
material, especially on the topic of poverty will be of interest to service
workers, policy makers, students (both graduate and undergraduate) and the
general public. As you write,=
think
carefully about the audience for specific assignment. While you need to understand
sociological concepts, it is necessary to avoid jargon and write in ways th=
at
others can understand. Most importantly, you need to learn how to evaluate =
and
write about research findings. As
you write, you need to reference your sources. Assignments are designed for your =
to
integrate the readings and often do independent research. There are clear guidelines for the=
se
tasks. You can use the sociol=
ogical
style, Reference Format for Sociologists, or another system, but you need a
style manual to aid your work.
Methods of Instruction<= o:p>
Students
are to be an active participants in the course, sharing responsibility for
discussing materials and making presentations on your own learning. This course includes group project=
s to
help you learn how to work together and develop leadership skills. Presentations involve teaching your
classmates what you have discovered. There will be lectures, videos, and
opportunities to enhance your research skills.
Writing Center: This facilitate can help you with =
any
part of the writing process. =
Take
your assignments to the Writing Center, the ground floor of Memorial Hall, =
and
be sure to give yourself time to write and review your papers for submissio=
n.
Course Policies
As
a seminar participant you are expected to be prepared by doing the reading =
and
writing assignments, speaking thoughtfully and listening to other seminar
members. All students are exp=
ected
to attend class regularly and to do all the written work on time. Students will lose points for
assignments that are over one week late.&n=
bsp;
Students are expected to adhere to university policy on honesty. Reg=
ular
attendance and active participation in class sessions is essential for your
learning and the success of the class. After two absences, a medical excuse=
is
required, otherwise a student will lose grade points. When you work with a
group, you should be a responsible participant, doing your fair share, meet=
ing
group deadlines, and also listening respectfully to other group members.
Required Texts and Readings
Barbara Ehrenreich, Nickel and Dimed: On (Not)
Getting by in America (New York: Henry Holt and Company, 2001)
Sharon Hays, Flat Broke with Children (New York:
Oxford University Press, 2003).
Janet Poppendieck, Sweet Charity?: Emergency Fo=
od and
the End of Entitlement. (New York: Penguin, 1998)
All
are available in the University Book Store and also in Morris Library in the
Reserve Room. In addition to =
these
required readings, there will be links to these articles or they will be
distributed in class.
Grading, Evaluation Policies and Procedures
Students
are expected to do the course readings and come to class regularly. You can use this opportunity to ex=
plore
the your environment with regard to issues of poverty. Over the semester, you will have m=
any
opportunities to demonstrate your mastery of the course material. To get a final grade in the course=
you
will have to complete all graded and non‑graded assignments.
Writing: During the class you will be writi=
ng two
short essays about the media and four more formal pieces that involve resea=
rch
and reading. There are also m=
ore
reflective pieces, since we have to understand and explore our feelings abo=
ut
poverty and social inequality.
These will be evaluated for writing and also your mastery of the
assignments, but not graded.
You can get a maximum of 15 points for doing these assignments, while
the other 85% of your grade will reflect work that evaluated for form and
content. All assignments give=
you
opportunities to show your mastery of the course material and improve your
writing. The first paper addr=
esses
low wage work and it=
A
2 points
September 13
Media Essay 1
5 % of grade
September 15
Comments on A
2 points
September 20
Reflections on F=
irst
Job
2 points
September 22
Living on the Ed=
ge
20%
October 4 and
October 6
Presentation on
Federal Social Programs
5%
October 11
Paper on Federal
Social Programs
15%
November 1
Review Essay of =
Sweet
Charity
15%
November 8
Comments on A
2 points
November 15
Media Essay 2
5 %
December 1
Critical Review:
Policy and Practice
20%
December 13
Rethinking
Poverty
6 points
You
should keep all work returned to you until final grades are posted. It is
possible that a grade could be mis‑recorded or lost. Saving your work
will verify your grade in such an unlikely event. It is recommended that you keep a =
backup
disk for all work done on a computer for this course; last minute lost comp=
uter
files are not an excuse for late work.
Students
should check their University e‑mail on a regular basis for class
announcements. If you use som=
ething
other than a University account, you should arrange to have your university
mail forwarded to your other address or you will miss these e‑mail
postings. Written assignments, however, must be submitted in writing, not a=
s e‑mail
attachments.
Course Schedule
August 30
True/False
Quiz, Orientation to the Course and Review the syllabus.
After
the quiz, we will review the course syllabus, assignments, writing in the
discipline, and the guidelines for classroom meetings (see Ground Rules for
Participation).
Reference
Format for Sociologists
September 1
Poverty
within the scope of inequality
Reading:
AWhen Low Wages Don't Add Up,@ by Alex Gourevitch, American Prospect, (Issue =
Date:
07.15.02). URL: http://www.prospect.org/web/index.ww and then look=
in
Archives by subject, Poverty and Wealth, or author to find the Alex Gourevi=
tch
article.
Due: Letter of Introduction to the Course. Each student will read his/her let=
ter of
introduction in class and turn in a copy to the instructor along with a
photograph.
September 6
Discovering
Poverty in the 1960s
Readings: Deborah Stone=
, AMaking the Poor Count,=
=
AIn This Affluent Society?@ September 13 Challenging
Racial Barriers: Racial Legacies and Unionization in Memphis, 1968. Readings: Kim Voss and =
Rick
Fantasia, AThe Future of American Labor: Reinventing Union=
s,@ Contexts (Berkeley), Spring 2004, Vol 3, Issue=
2,
pg. 35-49. (Find the journal =
in the
Ethnic NewsWatch database on line via the library databases). Video: =
=
AAt The River I Stand=3D How
do your own experiences finding work for the writing assignment compare with
what Ehrenreich is writing? <=
o:p> Look
over the discussion questions in the readerAAs American As Apple Pie: Poverty and Welfare,<=
/span>@ Contexts (Berkeley), Summer 2003, Vol 2, Issue=
3,
pg. 41-46. (Find the journal =
in the
Ethnic NewsWatch database on line via the library databases). Think about t=
he
changes in the explanations for poverty even during the 20th century. How might these explanation be lin=
ked to
the characteristics of the poor? Can you identify social programs that are
targeted to the poor? Due: Writing Assignment=
# 1
(Living on the Edge). Video: Growing Up in the
City: Urban Families (Morris Library VHS 6792, #3). Distribute
Assignment Groups for Federal Social Programs and organizational meeting. September 27 The
Depression and the Expansion of Social Welfare Video: Selections from =
ANew York: A Documentary Film,@ VHS 7942 Group
Meetings for Federal Social Programs September 29 Group
Meetings for Federal Social Programs No
class meeting=
APeople Like Us=
=
=
=
After
the reading, the orientation to the Food Bank of Delaware and the experienc=
e of
volunteering, you are to write a review essay of Sweet Charity that includes
your views on the problem of food security and the role of both non‑p=
rofit
organizations and public sector agencies. October 27 No class meeting November 1<=
span
style=3D'font-family:Arial'> Race,
Gender and Social Policy: Images and Realities Readings: Sharon Hays, =
Flat
Broke with Children: Women in the Age of Welfare Reform, Chapter 1, pp. 3-3=
1. Video: ATake It From Me=
ATake It From Me.=
=3D Readings: Sharon Hays, =
Flat
Broke with Children: Women in the Age of Welfare Reform, Chapter 6, pp. 139=
-177
and Cedric Herring, =
@ Contexts (Berkeley), Summer 2002, Vol 1, Issue=
2,
pg. 13-18. (Find the journal =
in the
Ethnic NewsWatch database on line via the library databases). November 15 Cultures
of Poverty Readings: Sharon Hays, =
Flat
Broke with Children: Women in the Age of Welfare Reform, Chapter 7, pp. 179=
-214
and Dorothy Roberts, Child Welfare as a Racial Justice Issue,@ in Race and Ethnicity in Society: The Changing
Landscape, edited by E. Higginbotham and M. Andersen, 2006 Thompson-Wadswor=
th,
pp. 320-325. Due:
Media Essay 2 November 17 Evaluating
Welfare Reform Readings: Sharon Hays, =
Flat
Broke with Children: Women in the Age of Welfare Reform, Chapter 8, pp.
215-240. November 22 Women
Challenging Barriers Readings: Peggy Kahn and
Valerie Polokow, =
> November 24 &=
nbsp; &nbs=
p; Thanksgiving
Day November 29 Promoting
Inequality: Board Policies and Practices Readings: Lisa A. Keister, ARepealing the Estate Tax: A Recipe for More
Inequality@ Contexts (Berkeley), Winter 2003, Vol 2, Issue=
1,
pg. 42-49 and John Farley and Gregory Squires, =
That=
=3D